Tubes



(No Model.) -3 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. E. EV'ER I TT.

. MACHINERY FOR MAKING TUBES. No. 390,957. Patented Oct. 9, 1888;

N. FUERS. mmnm w. Washingiml. n. c.

(No Model.) s sheetsesheet 2.- W. E. EVERITT.

MACHINERY FOR MAKING TUBES.

No. 390,957. Patented Oct. 9, 1888.

N. PETERS. Phulb'liihognpbu Wnlfiingluu. D. Q

I. (No Model.) I v 3 Sheets-Sheet 3..

* W. E. E 'VERITT. MAGHINERY FOR MAKING TUBES. No. 390,957. Patented 001;. 9, 1888.

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N. FUERS. Photo-Lithograph", Wuhington. D- C.

UNITED STATES rrrca.

PAENT MACHINERY FOR MAKING TUBES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,957, dated October 9, 1888K Application filed March 21,1888. Serial No. 268,029. (No model.) Patented in England November 26, 1887, No. 16,280; in France Marchfi, 1888, No. 189,082; in Belgium March 2, 1888, No. 80,842, and in Italy May 1,1888, No. 23,153.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EDWARD EVERITT, of Birmingham, in the county of \Varwick, England, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus to be Employedin the Manufacture of Brass, Copper, and other Metallic Tubes, (for which I have made application for Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 16,280, dated November 26, 1887, and for which I have obtained patents in France, No. 189,082, dated March 2, 1888; in Belgium, No. 80,842, dated March 2,1888, and in Italy, No. 23,153, dated May 1, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

The machinery or apparatus which I employ in the manufacture of tubes according to my invention is constructed, essentially, in the following manner; I make a bulb-mandrel the rod or stalk of which is longer than the tube to be made. The bulb of the said mandrel is of a pear shape, but has upon its acting part a series of six or other number of inclines, the said bulb having in cross-section at its part of largest diameter a figure somewhat resembling a ratchet-wheel. In the said bulb is an axial hole, preferably square, which fits on the square end of its rod or stalk, so that the same rod or stalk can be used for bulbs of different sizes. The rear end of the said rod or stalk is square or angular and takes into the end of a hollow shaft, to which rotary motion is communicated by gearing which connects it with the pair of rolls by which the hollow cylinder or tubular ingot is rolled. These rolls have grooves semicircular in crosssection, and the bulb of the mandrel is situated in the eye of the said rolls.

The action of the machinery or apparatus is as follows: The rolls being set into rotation by steam or other power, the expanded-mouth of the hollow cylinder or tubular ingot is passed onto the bulb of the mandrel, the hollow cylinder or tubular ingot being gripped by the rolls and made to advance upon the said bulb by means of the gearing connecting the man drel with the rolls. Rotary motion is given to the mandrel, the said mandrel making about 'ing to my invention.

seven rotations to each rotation of the rolls; but I do not limit myself to these proportions. The mandrel rotates in such a direction that the inclined faces of the projections on it have an advancing motion.

Tubes made according to my invention have an internal soundness unattainable by the ordinary methods of manufacture.

I will now proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the manner in which my invention is to be performed.

Figure 1 represents in plan, with the top roll removed, and Fig. 2 in side elevation, machinery or apparatus constructed accord Fig. 3 represents in end elevation, side elevation, and cross-section the detachable bulb of the bulb-mandrel, drawn to a large scale. Fig. 4 represents the rod or stall: of the mandrel, and Fig. 5 represents the bulb-mandrel and a portion of the shaft by which it is driven.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the drawlugs.

a b are the pair of rolls, driven in the direc tion indicated by the arrows upon them in Fig. 2. The said rolls (0 b are provided with three pairs (or other number of pairs) of grooves of different sizes for rolling tubes hav ing different external diameters.

c d is the bulb-mandrel, to which a rotary motion is given and over the bulb d of which the hollow cylinder or tubular ingot is pushed or made to advance by the action of the said rolls. The bulb d of the mandrel is stationed in the eye of that pair of grooves of the rolls being used, and the long rod or stalk c of the bulb-mandrel is supported in the U-shaped bearing 6, (see Fig. 2,) and its front end is fitted to the rotating shaftf, through which shaft the said bulb-mandrel is driven.

The bulb d of the mandrel has by preference the pear shape represented in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and the acting part of the said bulb has a series of inclined faces upon it, so as to give the bulb at its largest diameter a form in cross-section resembling a ratchetwheel, as seen in the cross-section of Fig. 3.

It will be seen that the inclined faces of the bulb d are formed by removing portions of the metal from the original pear-shaped bulb. The mandrel 0 d rotates in such a direction that the inclined faces of the projections upon its bulb have an advancing motion in the direction of the arrow, Fi g. 3. By this construction of bulb the friction between itand the interior of the hollow ingot or tube being rolled is considerably reduced, and the clogging of the bulb by the removed scale is prevented or largely diminished by the said scale accumulating in the depressed or hollow parts on the acting surface of the said bulb.

The ends cc of the rod or stalk c of the mandrel are square or angular, and the bulb (Z and the shaft f have similarly-shaped holes or recesses in them for the said ends 0 0" to fitinto, respectively. By this means bulbs of different sizes can be fitted on the said rod or stalk, and the rod or stalk of the mandrel can be readily fitted to or removed from its drivingshaftf. The grooves in the rolls a b are semicircular in cross-section, and have a radius equal to that of the exterior of the tube to be manufactured.

The pair of rolls a b are driven from the shaft 9 by pinions in the ordinary way, and the said shaftg is driven from the drivingpower by the spur-wheels h The shaft by which the rolls are driven is connected to the shaft f, by which the bulb-mandrel is driven, by means of the following gearing and parts: On the shaft carrying the spur-wheel h is a second and larger spur-wheel, 7a, which gears with a similar spur-wheel, Z, and the latter gears with a smaller spur-wheel, m, on the part 12 of the divided shaft 11 a". The part it" of the divided shaft is geared to the shaft f, driving the bulbmandrel, by means of the bevel-wheels p q. The part a of the divided shaft 11 n has fixed upon it the elutclrbox r, and the part a of the shaft is provided with the sliding clutch s, for throwing the shaft of into and out of gear with the shaft n.

In order to prevent injurious shock to the bulbmandrel when it is put into gear with the motive power driving the rolls, I give the shaftf a rotary motion before coupling it with the drivingpower of the rolls. For this purpose I place on the shaft of fast and loose pulleys at t, and drive the fast pulley by means of the band a, the said band being placed 011 or removed from the fast pulley by the sliding band-fork a of the ordinary kind.

In using the machinery and conducting the process of manufacture I proceed as follows: The rolls (L Z) are set in motion, and a rotary motion is first given to the bulb mandrel through the fast pulley att and band a, and the heated (preferably) hollow ingot or cylinder is introduced, expanded mouth foremost, with the grooves of the rolls a b, and the expanded mouth of the hollow ingot passed onto the acting part of the bulb d of the rotating bulb-mandrel. The said bulb-mandrel is now i coupled with the driving-power of the rolls by throwing the sliding clutch s into gear with the clutchbox r. The hollow ingot or cylinder thus gripped by the rolls is made to ad Vance upon or pushed over the rotating bulb cl by the action of the said rolls, so as tolengthen the said ingot or cylinderaud reduce itsthickness of metal. The partly-made tube having been passed through the rolls and over the bulb of the maudrehthe end a of the rod of the said mandrel is withdrawn from the shaft f and moved backward, or toward the rolls. The end 0" of the rod is then raised and the tube withdrawn from it and returned to the front of the rolls, ready to be reintroduced into the rolls after its end has been again expanded. The bulb last used having been removed from the end e of the rod 0, another bulb of larger diameter is put in its place and the bulb-mandrel is again connected with the shaft f, when the operations described are repeated until the internal diameter of the tube has been suf ficiently increased; but the final rollings or drawings maybe effected in the ordinary way and by the use of the ordinary appliances.

\kVhen the grooves in the rolls a b on either side the middle pair are to be used, the mandrel supporting and driving parts are fixed in the line of the grooves being used by sliding the bearings of the shaft f in the grooves in the bed-plates f 2 f 3 and sliding the bevel-wheel p to the proper position on the shaft a. The tie-rods m of the hearing at f slide on the cross-bar y, (represented in Fig. 1,) connected to the housings or uprights of the rolls a 1).

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my invention-- 1. The combination of the pair of anuularly-grooved rolls, the bulb-mandrel, the divided shaft, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the two parts of the shaft, a shaft connected with the mandrel and geared to one part of the divided shaft, gearing connecting the other part of the divided shaft with the rolls, and means, substantially as described, for rotating the mandrel when the two parts of the divided shaft are disengaged by the clutch, substantially as described.

2. The combination ofthe annularly-grooved rolls, the bulb-mandrel,the divided shaft having one part geared to the mandrel and the other part geared to the rolls, and means, substantially as described, for rotating the part of the divided shaft geared to the mandrel independent of the divided part of the shaft geared to the rolls.

3. The combination of the pair of annularly-grooved rolls, the mandrel-shaft, gearing connecting the rolls to the mandrel-shaft for rotating the latter at right angles to the line of rotation of the rolls, and the bulb-mandrel cutaway longitudinally to form a series of disconnected cavities for reducing clogging of the bulb, and also the friction between the be drawn, substantially as described. internal surface of the tube to be drawn, subbulb and the internal surface of the tube to l of the bulb, and also the friction between the 4. The combination with the annnlarlystantially as described.

grooved rolls, of the bulb-mandrel revolved at WILLIAM EDWARD EVERI'IT. [n s.] 5 right angles to theline of rotation of the rolls, lVitnesses:

and cut away longitudinally to form a series RICHARD SKERRETT,

of disconnected cavities for reducing clogging l ARTHUR J. POWELL. 

